Adrift in the City by Horatio Alger
Another tale for young men about how one young man achieves success and sefl-esteem.
Horatio
Alger Jr. January 13, 1832 – July 18, 1899) was a prolific 19th-century
American writer, best known for his many young adult novels about
impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds to lives of
middle-class security and comfort through hard work, determination,
courage, and honesty. His writings were characterized by the
"rags-to-riches" narrative, which had a formative effect on America
during the Gilded Age.
All of Alger's juvenile novels share essentially the same theme,
known as the "Horatio Alger myth": a teenage boy works hard to escape
poverty. Often it is not hard work that rescues the boy from his fate
but rather some extraordinary act of bravery or honesty. The boy might
return a large sum of lost money or rescue someone from an overturned
carriage. This brings the boy—and his plight—to the attention of a
wealthy individual.
Alger secured his literary niche in 1868 with the publication of his fourth book, Ragged Dick,
the story of a poor bootblack's rise to middle-class respectability.
This novel was a huge success. His many books that followed were
essentially variations on Ragged Dick and featured casts of
stock characters: the valiant hard-working, honest youth, the noble
mysterious stranger, the snobbish youth, and the evil, greedy squire.
In the 1870s, Alger's fiction was growing stale. His publisher
suggested he tour the American West for fresh material to incorporate
into his fiction. Alger took a trip to California, but the trip had
little effect on his writing: he remained mired in the tired theme of
"poor boy makes good." The backdrops of these novels, however, became
the American West rather than the urban environments of the northeastern
United States.
In the last decades of the 19th century, Alger's moral tone coarsened
with the change in boys' tastes. Sensational thrills were wanted by the
public. The Protestant work ethic had loosened its grip on America, and
violence, murder, and other sensational themes entered Alger's works.
Public librarians questioned whether his books should be made available
to the young. They were briefly successful, but interest in Alger's
novels was renewed in the first decades of the 20th century, and they
sold in the thousands. By the time he died in 1899, Alger had published
around a hundred volumes. He is buried in Natick, Massachusetts. Since
1947, the Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans has
awarded scholarships and prizes to deserving individuals.
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